Cov khoom siv PVC yog polyvinyl chloride, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom yas loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws yog pheej yig thiab dav siv. Polyvinyl chloride resin yog dawb los yog daj daj hmoov, uas tsis tuaj yeem siv ib leeg thiab yuav tsum tau hloov kho. PVC yog cov hmoov dawb nrog cov qauv amorphous, me me ntawm cov ceg ntoo, thiab tsis zoo rau lub teeb thiab kub. Cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem raug ntxiv raws li kev siv sib txawv, thiab PVC yas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm plasticizer rau polyvinyl chloride resin tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam khoom tawv, muag muag thiab pob tshab.
PVC, lub npe tag nrho yog Polyvinylchloride, lub ntsiab tivthaiv yog polyvinyl chloride, thiab lwm yam khoom yog ntxiv los txhim kho nws cov cua sov, toughness, ductility, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov zaj duab xis saum npoo yog lacquer, cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab yog polyvinyl. chloride, thiab cov txheej hauv qab yog cov nplaum nplaum rov qab. Nws yog ib qho zoo- nyiam, nrov thiab siv dav siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. Nws txoj kev siv thoob ntiaj teb yog qhov thib ob siab tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Raws li kev txheeb cais, xyoo 1995 ib leeg, kev tsim cov PVC hauv Tebchaws Europe yog kwv yees li 5 lab tons, thaum nws noj yog 5.3 lab tons. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, PVC ntau lawm thiab noj nruab nrab 1.4 lab tons. PVC tau raug tsim thiab siv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm 4 feem pua. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm PVC nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb, ua tsaug rau qhov kev xav tau ceev rau kev tsim kho vaj tse hauv cov tebchaws Esxias sab hnub tuaj. Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem tsim tau peb - qhov ntev ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab, PVC yog cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
PVC tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1835 los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Fabkis nto moo (Henri Victor Regnault). Cov khoom siv tshiab no kuj tau tshawb pom los ntawm lwm tus kws tshawb fawb German (Eugen Baumann) hauv xyoo 1872. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, cov khoom siv pvc yog cov khoom dawb, uas yog qhov tsis yooj yim heev thiab tsis muaj qhov siv tau. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ib pab kws tshuaj xws li Lavxias teb sab chemists (Ivan Ostromislensky) thiab Fritz Klatte tau sim hloov qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm pvc thiab ua rau nws cov khoom lag luam, tab sis lawv txhua tus ua tsis tiav.
Txog xyoo 1926, Waldo Semon (BF Goodrich Company) hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau tsim cov PVC thiab thov rau patent hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Nws daws qhov fragility ntawm pvc los ntawm synthesizing ntau yam additives, thiab nce lub expansion ntawm pvc cov khoom, ua rau nws muaj lub hauv paus rau cov khoom lag luam. Xyoo 1931, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees pib tsim pvc los ntawm txoj kev emulsion, thiab xyoo 1941, Tebchaws Meskas tau pib tsim pvc los ntawm txoj kev flotation. Los ntawm qhov no, cov khoom siv pvc- ntsig txog cov khoom tau pib siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv lub neej. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev tsim khoom tam sim no thiab kev sib txuas ntawm pvc tau raug hloov los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab txo tus nqi ntau.
Qhov ceev ntawm ntshiab PVC yog 1.4g / cmsup3, thiab qhov ceev ntawm PVC yas qhov chaw nrog plasticizers thiab muab tub lim yog feem ntau 1.15-2.00g/cmsup3.
Rigid PVC muaj qhov tensile zoo, khoov, compression thiab cuam tshuam, thiab tuaj yeem siv ib leeg los ua cov khoom siv.
Lub softness, elongation ntawm so, thiab txias tsis kam ntawm mos PVC yuav nce, tab sis lub brittleness, hardness, thiab tensile zog yuav txo.
Polyvinyl chloride muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, tuaj yeem siv tau raws li tsawg- cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev zaus, thiab nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov kuj zoo. Vim tias qhov tsis zoo thermal stability ntawm polyvinyl chloride, lub sij hawm ntev - cua sov yuav ua rau decomposition, tso HCL roj, thiab ua rau polyvinyl chloride discolor, yog li nws daim ntawv thov ntau nqaim, thiab kev khiav hauj lwm kub yog feem ntau ntawm -15 thiab 55. qib.
PVC yog polyvinyl chloride, uas yog cov khoom siv yas tsim los ntawm 43 feem pua cov roj thiab 57 feem pua ntawm ntsev. Piv nrog rau lwm yam khoom yas, PVC siv raw cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua thiab txo cov roj noj. Tib lub sijhawm, kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm PVC kev tsim khoom kuj tsawg heev. Thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv PVC, nws tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab hloov mus rau lwm yam khoom tshiab lossis incinerated kom tau txais lub zog.
Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus tshwj xeeb
1.38 g / cm3, molding shrinkage: 0.6-1.5 feem pua, molding kub: 160-190 degree .
Nta
Cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj zog acid thiab alkali tsis kam, tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, tab sis tsis tshua muaj qhov muag muag. Haum rau ua nyias daim hlau, hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev txheej, seals, thiab lwm yam.
Moulding yam ntxwv
1. Cov khoom siv amorphous muaj qhov nqus dej tsawg thiab cov dej tsis zoo. Txhawm rau txhim kho fluidity thiab tiv thaiv npuas, cov yas tuaj yeem ua ntej- ziab. Cov txheej txheem casting ntawm cov pwm yuav tsum yog tuab thiab luv, ntu ntawm lub rooj vag yuav tsum loj, thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov chaw tuag. Cov pwm yuav tsum tau txias thiab qhov chaw yog chrome-plated;
2. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv corrosive thiab kua dej, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab pwm. Tag nrho cov khoom yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog ntau hom thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm additives raws li xav tau;
3. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev rau decompose, thiab nws yooj yim dua rau decompose thaum nws nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog hlau thiab tooj liab ntawm qhov kub ntawm 200 degrees. Thaum decomposing, corrosion, irritating gas, thiab tsim kub ntau yam me me;
4. Thaum siv cov ntsia hlau hom txhaj tshuab nozzle, lub qhov taub yuav tsum loj los tiv thaiv cov khoom stagnation nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum tuag. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias tsis muaj qhov ntxig, yog tias muaj cov ntxig, nws yuav tsum tau preheated.
PVC tuaj yeem muab faib ua mos PVC thiab tawv PVC. Ntawm lawv, nyuaj PVC nyiaj txog li 2/3 ntawm kev ua lag luam, thiab muag PVC nyiaj rau 1/3. Mos PVC feem ntau yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm cov plag tsev, qab nthab thiab tawv, tab sis vim hais tias mos PVC muaj softeners (qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm mos PVC thiab tawv PVC), nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua nkig thiab nyuaj rau khaws cia, yog li nws cov peev txheej ntawm siv yog txwv. Hard PVC tsis muaj softeners, yog li nws muaj kev ywj pheej zoo, yooj yim rau kev tsim, tsis yooj yim rau nkig, tsis yog - lom thiab muaj kuab paug- dawb, thiab muaj lub sijhawm cia ntev, yog li nws muaj qhov zoo. kev txhim kho thiab kev siv tus nqi. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm PVC yog lub tshuab nqus tsev hlwv zaj duab xis, uas yog siv rau lub ntim ntim ntawm ntau lub vaj huam sib luag, yog li nws tseem hu ua cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo nkauj thiab cov nplaum nplaum, thiab siv ntau yam lag luam xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ntim khoom, thiab tshuaj. Ntawm lawv, kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev suav rau qhov loj tshaj plaws, suav txog 60 feem pua , ua raws li kev lag luam ntim khoom, thiab ntau lwm yam me me - daim ntawv thov kev lag luam.
Polyvinyl chloride molecules muaj chlorine atoms. Vim muaj cov nyhuv dipole ntawm C-CL daim ntawv cog lus, nws yog cov khoom siv polar heev. PVC muaj cov kua qaub zoo thiab alkali tsis kam, hnav tsis kam, nplaim taws thiab rwb thaiv tsev, tab sis lub teeb tsis zoo thiab thermal stability. Kev lag luam, muaj plaub txoj hauv kev rau kev npaj PVC: txoj kev tshem tawm, txoj kev loj, txoj kev emulsion thiab txoj kev daws. Txoj kev ncua kev ncua yog feem ntau, thiab feem ntau ntawm PVC resins siv yog hom no. Nws cov khoom raug muab faib ua ib qho nyuaj, ib nrab- cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj thiab mos raws li cov yas yas (feem ntau dibutyl phthalate thiab dioctyl phthalate). Rigid PVC muaj 10-25% plasticizer, semi-rigid PVC yog 30-40 feem pua, thiab mos PVC yog 40-70 feem pua. Tag nrho cov khoom siv PVC yuav tsum muaj qee yam ntawm cov stabilizers kom tsis txhob degradation thaum ua. Plasticizers hauv cov khoom muag PVC soften lub polymer. Kev xaiv ntawm plasticizer, los yog kev sib xyaw ntawm plasticizers, yog qhov kawg txiav txim siab los ntawm cov khoom xav tau ntawm cov khoom tiav. Feem ntau cov plasticizers kuj ua haujlwm raws li kev pab cuam rau qee yam. Plasticizers txo cov melting kub thiab viscosity ntawm cov resin, uas tiv thaiv cov resin los ntawm lo rau cov hlau qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv.
Raws li tau hais los saum no, PVC yog cov hmoov dawb nrog cov qauv amorphous. Cov iav hloov pauv kub yog 7790 degree, thiab nws pib decompose ntawm li 170 degree. Thaum nws nyob saum 100 degree lossis raug tshav ntuj ntev, nws yuav decompose los tsim hydrogen chloride, thiab ntxiv autocatalytic decomposition. , ua rau tsis muaj xim, thiab lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho mob kuj poob sai. Nyob rau hauv kev siv tswv yim, stabilizers thiab lwm yam additives yuav tsum tau ntxiv los txhim kho lub stability ntawm tshav kub thiab lub teeb. Qhov no hu ua PVC hloov kho. PVC cov khoom, txawm tias kev txhaj tshuaj molding lossis extrusion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv PVC nrog cov kev cai tshwj xeeb, hais nruj me ntsis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm PVC cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum yog cov neeg siv khoom- tsim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua tus neeg siv, muab cov kev daws teeb meem PVC , uas yog, muaj ntau formulations los hloov. PVC cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb feem ntau yuav tsum tau imported los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov koom haum tshawb fawb loj thiab cov chaw tsim khoom hauv kuv lub teb chaws, kev tsim qauv tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev PVC hloov kho tau mus txog qib siab thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov tuam txhab muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txawj ntse xws li Xuzhou Hanyong. New Materials Co., Ltd. tau hloov tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tuaj txawv teb chaws, thiab ntau yam khoom tau raug xa tawm mus rau txawv teb chaws. Vim tias PVC yuav ntxiv nrog cov stabilizers thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, tab sis cov stabilizers tau muab faib ua tsis yog - tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj lom. Tsuas yog thaum cov tshuaj lom stabilizers xws li cov ntsev ntsev ntxiv, puas yuav muaj kev phom sij zais. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv PVC sib xyaw ua ke, thiab qee lub lag luam me siv cov ntsev ntsev ua cov stabilizer, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua raws li cov qauv kev nyiam huv.
Vim nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov siab, nws tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv - cov kav dej xeb, cov yeeb nkab fittings, cov kav dej roj, cov twj centrifugal thiab tshuab tshuab. Lub rooj tsavxwm nruj ntawm PVC yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj los ua cov hauv ob sab phlu ntawm ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam, corrugated boards ntawm lub tsev, qhov rooj thiab qhov rais lug, phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Vim nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov plugs, sockets, keyboards thiab cables hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub, PVC yog siv los ua khau khiab, raincoats, cov khoom ua si thiab tawv tawv, thiab lwm yam!
Polyvinyl chloride yog tsim los ntawm acetylene gas thiab hydrogen chloride, thiab tom qab ntawd polymerized. Nws muaj lub zog txhua yam thiab zoo corrosion kuj. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov dej khib nyiab pov tseg thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov pa roj thiab cov kav dej hauv cov tshuaj, textile thiab lwm yam lag luam, thiab tseem tuaj yeem hloov lwm yam corrosion-cov ntaub ntawv tiv taus los ua cov tso tsheb hlau luam, cov twj centrifugal, kiv cua thiab cov pob qij txha. . Thaum cov plasticizer ntxiv rau hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 30 feem pua rau 40 feem pua, cov khoom muag polyvinyl chloride tau txais, uas muaj cov elongation siab, cov khoom muag muag, thiab zoo corrosion kuj thiab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev. Kev ntim khoom, kev cog qoob loo cog qoob loo thiab niaj hnub raincoats, ntaub pua rooj, thiab lwm yam, kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua kua qaub thiab alkali resistant hoses, cable sheaths, insulating txheej, thiab lwm yam.
Polyvinyl chloride kuj tseem siv rau hauv lub hnab dej kub hnub ci, los ntawm nws lub teeb -absorbing zog, nws yog tsim rau hauv lub hnab dej kub rau da dej.
Ntau yam tsos
In this sense, the market prospect of PVC film is very promising. With the development of the times, PVC is gradually winning the favor of people with its good performance, simple craftsmanship and many other advantages, and has been accepted and recognized by more and more people. In Europe and the United States, PVC is the darling of the construction industry. , PVC can be seen everywhere in people's daily life. PVC not only can express the color of nature, but also can express the color of people's fantasy. In Germany, 40 percent of furniture is made of PVC as the surface material. Seeing those desks, bookshelves, sofas, and kitchen cabinets with natural colors, gorgeous colors, rich and diverse, beautiful patterns, elegant and high-end styles, no one will I will associate them with the devastated "white garbage" on the street, and I will never think that it is the PVC blister film that gives them such a beautiful coat.
Kev ua haujlwm nruj heev
Muaj ob qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas PVC tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev: ib qho yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm PVC (rainproof, hluav taws kub-resistant, anti- zoo li qub, yooj yim tsim), thiab cov lwm yam yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv qis thiab cov zis siab ntawm PVC. PVC zaj duab xis muaj lub teeb ua haujlwm siab thiab hluav taws kub, uas lav qhov zoo ntawm PVC zaj duab xis. Yog li kev nkag siab, PVC yog qhov ua tau qis - tawm tswv yim, siab - cov khoom lag luam tawm.
Melting kub: 185205 degree Pwm kub: 2050 degree
Txhaj tshuaj siab: mus txog 1500bar Tuav siab: mus txog 1000bar Kev txhaj tshuaj nrawm: Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom siv degradation, feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv qhov kev txhaj tshuaj loj heev.
Khiav thiab rooj vag: Txhua lub rooj vag zoo tuaj yeem siv tau. Yog tias siv cov khoom me me, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub qhov rooj nkag los yog lub qhov rooj nkag; rau cov tuab tuab, lub rooj vag kiv cua zoo dua. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov rooj nkag los yog lub qhov rooj nkag yuav tsum yog 1 hli; lub thickness ntawm lub rooj vag kiv cua yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg tshaj li 1 hli.
Kev ua yeeb yam tshwj xeeb
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm PVC zaj duab xis thiab cov nplaum nplaum zoo tib yam? Ordinary nplaum zaj duab xis yog txuas ncaj qha mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nrog cov kua nplaum ntawm chav tsev kub, yog li tom qab ib lossis ob xyoos, zaj duab xis yog yooj yim poob tawm. PVC zaj duab xis yog nias rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 110 degrees los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum tshwj xeeb, yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau poob.
PVC tsis yog tag nrho - tshuaj lom thiab tsis qab, thiab tsis muaj kev khaus rau tib neeg daim tawv nqaij lossis ua pa. Rau cov neeg uas tsis haum rau ntoo thiab xim, rooj tog lossis chav ua noj uas ntim nrog PVC zaj duab xis yog qhov tsim nyog heev. Los ntawm kev siv PVC zaj duab xis ua cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo nkauj, tib neeg tuaj yeem zam kev siv MDF, particleboard, plywood thiab fiberboard, txo cov ntoo siv, thiab yog li txo kev puas tsuaj rau hav zoov thiab ib puag ncig.
Kev siv PVC ib zaug ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv Western lub teb chaws, thiab ntau tus neeg sim hloov PVC nrog ntau yam khoom siv. Tab sis nws hloov tawm tias qhov zoo ntawm PVC yog piv rau lwm yam kev xaiv, thiab nws tsis tshua kim dua li cov ntaub ntawv no.
Broad prospects
Kev lag luam PVC tab tom txhim kho sai thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab muaj kev cia siab dav. Txhua lub teb chaws muaj kev cia siab txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm PVC thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig rau thaj chaw ecological. PVC tau ua pov thawj rau lub ntiaj teb tias nws lub luag haujlwm thiab cov xwm txheej tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lwm yam khoom nrog nws cov khoom zoo tshaj thiab tshwj xeeb. Kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv xav tau nws, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig xav tau nws, thiab nws yog qhov kev xav tsis thoob ntawm peb cov tib neeg kev vam meej thiab kev vam meej.
